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Mitochondrial lipid droplet formation as a detoxification mechanism to sequester and degrade excessive urothelial membranes.

Identifieur interne : 000436 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000435; suivant : 000437

Mitochondrial lipid droplet formation as a detoxification mechanism to sequester and degrade excessive urothelial membranes.

Auteurs : Yi Liao ; Daniel K L. Tham ; Feng-Xia Liang ; Jennifer Chang ; Yuan Wei ; Putty-Reddy Sudhir ; Joseph Sall ; Sarah J. Ren ; Javier U. Chicote [Espagne] ; Lora L. Arnold [États-Unis] ; Chih-Chi Andrew Hu [États-Unis] ; Rok Romih [Slovénie] ; Leonardo R. Andrade [États-Unis] ; Michael J. Rindler ; Samuel M. Cohen [États-Unis] ; Rob Desalle [États-Unis] ; Antonio Garcia-Espa A [Espagne] ; Mingxiao Ding [République populaire de Chine] ; Xue-Ru Wu [États-Unis] ; Tung-Tien Sun

Source :

RBID : pubmed:31577526

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

The apical surface of the terminally differentiated mammalian urothelial umbrella cell is mechanically stable and highly impermeable, in part due to its coverage by urothelial plaques consisting of 2D crystals of uroplakin particles. The mechanism for regulating the uroplakin/plaque level is unclear. We found that genetic ablation of the highly tissue-specific sorting nexin Snx31, which localizes to plaques lining the multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in urothelial umbrella cells, abolishes MVBs suggesting that Snx31 plays a role in stabilizing the MVB-associated plaques by allowing them to achieve a greater curvature. Strikingly, Snx31 ablation also induces a massive accumulation of uroplakin-containing mitochondria-derived lipid droplets (LDs), which mediate uroplakin degradation via autophagy/lipophagy, leading to the loss of apical and fusiform vesicle plaques. These results suggest that MVBs play an active role in suppressing the excessive/wasteful endocytic degradation of uroplakins. Failure of this suppression mechanism triggers the formation of mitochondrial LDs so that excessive uroplakin membranes can be sequestered and degraded. Because mitochondrial LD formation, which occurs at a low level in normal urothelium, can also be induced by disturbance in uroplakin polymerization due to individual uroplakin knockout and by arsenite, a bladder carcinogen, this pathway may represent an inducible, versatile urothelial detoxification mechanism.

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E19-05-0284
PubMed: 31577526
PubMed Central: PMC6857570


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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<term>Membranes (metabolism)</term>
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<term>Corps multivésiculaires (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Glycoprotéines membranaires (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Gouttelettes lipidiques (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Gouttelettes lipidiques (physiologie)</term>
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<term>Uroplakines (physiologie)</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The apical surface of the terminally differentiated mammalian urothelial umbrella cell is mechanically stable and highly impermeable, in part due to its coverage by urothelial plaques consisting of 2D crystals of uroplakin particles. The mechanism for regulating the uroplakin/plaque level is unclear. We found that genetic ablation of the highly tissue-specific sorting nexin Snx31, which localizes to plaques lining the multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in urothelial umbrella cells, abolishes MVBs suggesting that Snx31 plays a role in stabilizing the MVB-associated plaques by allowing them to achieve a greater curvature. Strikingly, Snx31 ablation also induces a massive accumulation of uroplakin-containing mitochondria-derived lipid droplets (LDs), which mediate uroplakin degradation via autophagy/lipophagy, leading to the loss of apical and fusiform vesicle plaques. These results suggest that MVBs play an active role in suppressing the excessive/wasteful endocytic degradation of uroplakins. Failure of this suppression mechanism triggers the formation of mitochondrial LDs so that excessive uroplakin membranes can be sequestered and degraded. Because mitochondrial LD formation, which occurs at a low level in normal urothelium, can also be induced by disturbance in uroplakin polymerization due to individual uroplakin knockout and by arsenite, a bladder carcinogen, this pathway may represent an inducible, versatile urothelial detoxification mechanism.</div>
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<AbstractText>The apical surface of the terminally differentiated mammalian urothelial umbrella cell is mechanically stable and highly impermeable, in part due to its coverage by urothelial plaques consisting of 2D crystals of uroplakin particles. The mechanism for regulating the uroplakin/plaque level is unclear. We found that genetic ablation of the highly tissue-specific sorting nexin Snx31, which localizes to plaques lining the multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in urothelial umbrella cells, abolishes MVBs suggesting that Snx31 plays a role in stabilizing the MVB-associated plaques by allowing them to achieve a greater curvature. Strikingly, Snx31 ablation also induces a massive accumulation of uroplakin-containing mitochondria-derived lipid droplets (LDs), which mediate uroplakin degradation via autophagy/lipophagy, leading to the loss of apical and fusiform vesicle plaques. These results suggest that MVBs play an active role in suppressing the excessive/wasteful endocytic degradation of uroplakins. Failure of this suppression mechanism triggers the formation of mitochondrial LDs so that excessive uroplakin membranes can be sequestered and degraded. Because mitochondrial LD formation, which occurs at a low level in normal urothelium, can also be induced by disturbance in uroplakin polymerization due to individual uroplakin knockout and by arsenite, a bladder carcinogen, this pathway may represent an inducible, versatile urothelial detoxification mechanism.</AbstractText>
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